Investment Casting Process

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             The Investment 

         Casting Process

Investment Casting, or as some call it, the "lost wax" process, has been in use since the construction of the first pyramid. 

The Egyptians and Chinese used the process in their early history to make statues and jewelry. The investment casting method was largely ignored as an industrial process for the fabrication of parts until the demand for rapidly finished parts during World War II created the need for near net-shape components that could readily be put into their final form. Then new inorganic high temperature ceramic mold binders were developed to industrialize the process applications to include high strength and corrosion resistant materials such as low to high carbon alloy steel, tool steel, stainless steel, and nickel and cobalt base alloys. Aluminum and brass alloys are available also. It is a process capable of producing intricate shapes weighing from a small fraction of an ounce up to forty pounds or more.

Some examples of usage would be: dental appliances, jewelry, components for the automotive industry, military weaponry, jet engines, aircraft structural parts, machinery components, and many others.

             

             Investment castings works this way

                             

        

 

A injection molded wax pattern is used for each part produced which is then encased in multiple layers of ceramic material. The wax pattern is then removed from the ceramic shell mold. The mold is fired in an oven and then molten metal is poured into the cavities left by the evacuated wax pattern. Upon cooling, the resulting precision castings are cleaned and subjected to further processing such as heat treatment. At this point, many parts are in their final form and are ready for use while others may require a small amount of further processing such as machining before reaching their final form.

When properly applied, the advanced technology can offer complex near net-shapes that reduce overall manufacturing costs by minimizing material and labor inputs. Parts designs can be lighter in weight, more complex and are available in a wider range of alloys than those offered by other processes. Stronger materials, better surface finishes, thinner walls, difficult internal configurations and closer tolerances than those available through alternate processing techniques are some of the other advantages of the investment casting process.

The word investment, in INVESTMENT CASTING, denotes the mechanical manner of making a mold rather than the material used. This process employs a three-dimensional pattern – using all three dimensions – to produce a one time destructible mold into which molten metal will be poured. A very simple example would be to pour wax into and egg shell, let it cool, then crack away the shell. People, not especially versed in casting terms, on occasion associate this process with financial matters.

 

Lost Foam Process is similar to "Lost Wax", and better known as Investment Casting. Both the casting mediums, are expended, either melted out or evaporated away, leaving the cast part.

 

Ceramic Mold Casting Process is also known as `Cope and Drag Investment  Casting'. 

The basic process is,

  1.  A wood or metal pattern is placed in a flask and coated with a slurry of zircon and fused silica combined with bonding agents.
  2. The mold is removed, cleaned and baked. The shells may be used as given, or they may have other materials, such as clay put on as backing materials.
  3.  The molds are then used as normal.

 This can make high temperature material parts.

 

     

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  02/18/04 01:10:17 PM